Sharing of Food

Certainty Style Key
Hover over keys for definitions:
True   Likely   Speculative
Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Relative Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Behavior

In nearly all human cultures, food sharing is a common practice, especially among families and friends and between potential mates. Food sharing occurs between healthy individuals and those that are infirm or elderly. In great apes, food sharing outside of the mother-infant dyad rarely occurs . After a hunt, male chimpanzees may share the meat from the kill with others who participated in the hunt. It has been suggested that ape males may also share food with females in exchange for sex (Gomes and Boesch 2009). Recently published work, however, reports that long term chimpanzee data indicates that such food-for-sex exchanges are quite rare and very different in nature from similar exchanges among humans (Gilby et al. 2010). 

 

Related MOCA Topics
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Probable Appearance: 
2000 Thousand Years
Definite Appearance: 
100 Thousand Years
References: 
  1. Blurton Jones, N.J. (1987) Tolerated Theft: Suggestions about the ecology and evolution of food sharing, hoarding, and scrounging. Social Science Information 26: 31-54.
  2. Gilby, I.C., M.E. Thompson, J.D. Ruane, and R.W. Wrangham (2010) No evidence of short-term exchange of meat for sex among chimpanzees. Journal of Human Evolution 59(1): 44-53.
  3. Gomes, C.M. and C. Boesch (2009) Wild Chimpanzees Exchange Meat for Sex on a Long-Term Basis. PLoS One 4(4): e5116.
  4. Gurven, M. (2004) To give or not to give: The behavioral ecology of human food transfers. Behavioral Brain Sciences 27: 543-583.
  5. Hawkes, K., O'Connell, J. and N.J. Blurton Jones (2001) Hadza meat sharing. Evolution and Human Behavior 22: 113-142.
  6. Mitani, J.C. and D.P. Watts (2001) Why do chimpanzees hunt and share meat? Animal Behavior 61: 915-924.