@article {308294,
	title = {The Combined Landscape of Denisovan and Neanderthal Ancestry in Present-Day Humans.},
	journal = {Curr Biol},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2016},
	note = {<p>http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822\%2816\%2930247-0</p>
},
	month = {2016 May 9},
	pages = {1241-7},
	abstract = {<p>Some present-day humans derive up to \~{}5\% [1] of\&nbsp;their ancestry from archaic Denisovans, an even\&nbsp;larger proportion than the \~{}2\% from Neanderthals [2]. We developed methods that can disambiguate the locations of segments of Denisovan and Neanderthal ancestry in present-day humans and applied them to 257 high-coverage genomes from 120 diverse populations, among which were 20 individual Oceanians with high Denisovan ancestry [3]. In Oceanians, the average size of Denisovan fragments is larger than Neanderthal fragments, implying a more recent average date of Denisovan admixture in the history of these populations (p\&nbsp;= 0.00004). We document more Denisovan ancestry in South Asia than is expected based on existing models of\&nbsp;history, reflecting a previously undocumented mixture related to archaic humans (p\&nbsp;= 0.0013). Denisovan ancestry, just like Neanderthal ancestry, has been deleterious on a modern human genetic background, as reflected by its depletion near genes. Finally, the reduction of both archaic ancestries is especially pronounced on chromosome X and near genes more highly expressed in testes than other tissues (p\&nbsp;= 1.2\&nbsp;{\texttimes} 10(-7) to 3.2\&nbsp;{\texttimes} 10(-7) for Denisovan and 2.2\&nbsp;{\texttimes} 10(-3) to 2.9\&nbsp;{\texttimes} 10(-3) for Neanderthal ancestry even after controlling for differences in level of selective constraint across gene classes). This suggests that reduced male fertility may be a general feature of mixtures of human populations diverged by \&gt;500,000 years.</p>
},
	issn = {1879-0445},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.037},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27032491},
	author = {Sankararaman, Sriram and Mallick, Swapan and Patterson, Nick and Reich, David}
}
