@article {308651,
	title = {Human gut Bacteroidetes can utilize yeast mannan through a selfish mechanism.},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {517},
	year = {2015},
	note = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v517/n7533/full/nature13995.html},
	month = {2015 Jan 8},
	pages = {165-9},
	abstract = {<p>Yeasts, which have been a component of the human diet for at least 7,000 years, possess an elaborate cell wall α-mannan. The influence of yeast mannan on the ecology of the human microbiota is unknown. Here we show that yeast α-mannan is a viable food source for the Gram-negative bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a dominant member of the microbiota. Detailed biochemical analysis and targeted gene disruption studies support a model whereby limited cleavage of α-mannan on the surface generates large oligosaccharides that are subsequently depolymerized to mannose by the action of periplasmic enzymes. Co-culturing studies showed that metabolism of yeast mannan by B. thetaiotaomicron presents a {\textquoteright}selfish{\textquoteright} model for the catabolism of this difficult to breakdown polysaccharide. Genomic comparison with B. thetaiotaomicron in conjunction with cell culture studies show that a cohort of highly successful members of the microbiota has evolved to consume sterically-restricted yeast glycans, an adaptation that may reflect the incorporation of eukaryotic microorganisms into the human diet.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Bacteroidetes, Biological Evolution, Carbohydrate Conformation, Diet, Enzymes, Female, Gastrointestinal Tract, Genetic Loci, Germ-Free Life, Glycoproteins, Humans, Male, Mannans, Mannose, Mice, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, Oligosaccharides, Periplasm, Yeasts},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/nature13995},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25567280},
	author = {Cuskin, Fiona and Lowe, Elisabeth C and Temple, Max J and Zhu, Yanping and Cameron, Elizabeth A and Pudlo, Nicholas A and Porter, Nathan T and Urs, Karthik and Thompson, Andrew J and Cartmell, Alan and Rogowski, Artur and Hamilton, Brian S and Chen, Rui and Tolbert, Thomas J and Piens, Kathleen and Bracke, Debby and Vervecken, Wouter and Hakki, Zalihe and Speciale, Gaetano and Munoz-Munoz, Jose L and Day, Andrew and Pe{\~n}a, Maria J and McLean, Richard and Suits, Michael D and Boraston, Alisdair B and Atherly, Todd and Ziemer, Cherie J and Williams, Spencer J and Davies, Gideon J and Abbott, D Wade and Martens, Eric C and Gilbert, Harry J}
}
