@article {308663,
	title = {Variation and signatures of selection on the human face.},
	journal = {J Hum Evol},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2014},
	note = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004724841400178X},
	month = {2014 Oct},
	pages = {143-52},
	abstract = {<p>There has been much debate about why humans throughout the world differ in facial form. Previous studies of human skull morphology found levels of among-population differentiation that were comparable to those of neutral genetic markers, suggesting that genetic drift (neutral processes) played an important role in influencing facial differentiation. However, variation in soft-tissue morphology has not been studied in detail. In this study, we analyzed high-resolution 3D images of soft-tissue facial form in four Eurasian populations: Han Chinese, Tibetans, Uyghur and Europeans. A novel method was used to establish a high-density alignment across all of the faces, allowing facial diversity to be examined at an unprecedented resolution. These data exhibit signatures of population structure and history. However, among-population differentiation was higher for soft-tissue facial form than for genome-wide genetic loci, and high-resolution analyses reveal that the nose, brow area and cheekbones exhibit particularly strong signals of differentiation (Qst estimates: 0.3-0.8) between Europeans and Han Chinese. Our results suggest that local adaptation and/or sexual selection have been important in shaping human soft-tissue facial morphology.</p>},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Anthropology, Physical, Continental Population Groups, Face, Female, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Least-Squares Analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Selection, Genetic, Young Adult},
	issn = {1095-8606},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.08.001},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25186351},
	author = {Guo, Jing and Tan, Jingze and Yang, Yajun and Zhou, Hang and Hu, Sile and Hashan, Agu and Bahaxar, Nurmamat and Xu, Shuhua and Weaver, Timothy D and Jin, Li and Stoneking, Mark and Tang, Kun}
}
