@article {312324,
	title = {Ancient gene flow from early modern humans into Eastern Neanderthals},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {530},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016/02/25/print},
	pages = {429 - 433},
	abstract = {<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, \&quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック\&quot;, \&quot;ＭＳ ゴシック\&quot;, Osaka, \&quot;MS PGothic\&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 14.495px; font-weight: bold;">It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,000{\textendash}65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequences of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. We find that a population that diverged early from other modern humans in Africa contributed genetically to the ancestors of Neanderthals from the Altai Mountains roughly 100,000 years ago. By contrast, we do not detect such a genetic contribution in the Denisovan or the two European Neanderthals. We conclude that in addition to later interbreeding events, the ancestors of Neanderthals from the Altai Mountains and early modern humans met and interbred, possibly in the Near East, many thousands of years earlier than previously thought.</span></p>
},
	isbn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature16544},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v530/n7591/full/nature16544.html},
	author = {Kuhlwilm, Martin and Gronau, Ilan and Hubisz, Melissa J. and de Filippo, Cesare and Prado-Martinez, Javier and Kircher, Martin and Fu, Qiaomei and Burbano, Hern{\'a}n A. and Lalueza-Fox, Carles and de la Rasilla, Marco and Rosas, Antonio and Rudan, Pavao and Brajkovic, Dejana and Kucan, Zeljko and Gusic, Ivan and Marques-Bonet, Tomas and Andr{\'e}s, Aida M. and Viola, Bence and P{\"a}{\"a}bo, Svante and Meyer, Matthias and Siepel, Adam and Castellano, Sergi}
}
