@article {314951,
	title = {Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure},
	journal = {Cell},
	volume = {171},
	year = {2017},
	note = {<p>doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.049</p>
},
	month = {09/2017},
	pages = {59 - 71.e21},
	abstract = {<p>We assembled genome-wide data from 16 prehistoric Africans. We show that the anciently divergent lineage that comprises the primary ancestry of the southern African San had a wider distribution in the\&nbsp;past, contributing approximately two-thirds of the ancestry of Malawi hunter-gatherers ?8,100?2,500 years ago and approximately one-third of the ancestry of Tanzanian hunter-gatherers ?1,400 years ago. We document how the spread of farmers from western Africa involved complete replacement of local hunter-gatherers in some regions, and we track the spread of herders by showing that the population of a ?3,100-year-old pastoralist from Tanzania contributed ancestry to people from northeastern to southern Africa, including a ?1,200-year-old southern African pastoralist. The deepest diversifications of African lineages were complex, involving either repeated gene flow among geographically disparate groups or a lineage more deeply diverging than that of the San contributing more to some western African populations than to others. We finally leverage ancient genomes to document episodes of natural selection in southern African populations.We assembled genome-wide data from 16 prehistoric Africans. We show that the anciently divergent lineage that comprises the primary ancestry of the southern African San had a wider distribution in the\&nbsp;past, contributing approximately two-thirds of the ancestry of Malawi hunter-gatherers ?8,100?2,500 years ago and approximately one-third of the ancestry of Tanzanian hunter-gatherers ?1,400 years ago. We document how the spread of farmers from western Africa involved complete replacement of local hunter-gatherers in some regions, and we track the spread of herders by showing that the population of a ?3,100-year-old pastoralist from Tanzania contributed ancestry to people from northeastern to southern Africa, including a ?1,200-year-old southern African pastoralist. The deepest diversifications of African lineages were complex, involving either repeated gene flow among geographically disparate groups or a lineage more deeply diverging than that of the San contributing more to some western African populations than to others. We finally leverage ancient genomes to document episodes of natural selection in southern African populations.</p>
},
	isbn = {0092-8674},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.049},
	url = {http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(17)31008-5},
	author = {Skoglund, Pontus and Thompson, Jessica C. and Prendergast, Mary E. and Mittnik, Alissa and Sirak, Kendra and Hajdinjak, Mateja and Salie, Tasneem and Rohland, Nadin and Mallick, Swapan and Peltzer, Alexander and Heinze, Anja and Olalde, I{\~n}igo and Ferry, Matthew and Harney, Eadaoin and Michel, Megan and Stewardson, Kristin and Cerezo-Rom{\'a}n, Jessica I. and Chiumia, Chrissy and Crowther, Alison and Gomani-Chindebvu, Elizabeth and Gidna, Agness O. and Grillo, Katherine M. and Helenius, I. Taneli and Hellenthal, Garrett and Helm, Richard and Horton, Mark and L{\'o}pez, Saioa and Mabulla, Audax Z.P. and Parkington, John and Shipton, Ceri and Thomas, Mark G. and Tibesasa, Ruth and Welling, Menno and Hayes, Vanessa M. and Kennett, Douglas J. and Ramesar, Raj and Meyer, Matthias and P{\"a}{\"a}bo, Svante and Patterson, Nick and Morris, Alan G. and Boivin, Nicole and Pinhasi, Ron and Krause, Johannes and Reich, David}
}
