@article {315807,
	title = {The earliest modern humans outside Africa},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {359},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018/01/26},
	pages = {456},
	abstract = {<p>Recent paleoanthropological studies have suggested that modern humans migrated from Africa as early as the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, 120,000 years ago. Hershkovitz et al. now suggest that early modern humans were already present outside of Africa more than 55,000 years earlier (see the Perspective by Stringer and Galway-Witham). During excavations of sediments at Mount Carmel, Israel, they found a fossil of a mouth part, a left hemimaxilla, with almost complete dentition.The sediments contain a series of well-defined hearths and a rich stone-based industry, as well as abundant animal remains. Analysis of the human remains, and dating of the site and the fossil itself, indicate a likely age of at least 177,000 years for the fossil{\textemdash}making it the oldest member of the Homo sapiens clade found outside Africa.Science, this issue p. 456; see also p. 389\&nbsp;To date, the earliest modern human fossils found outside of Africa are dated to around 90,000 to 120,000 years ago at the Levantine sites of Skhul and Qafzeh. A maxilla and associated dentition recently discovered at Misliya Cave, Israel, was dated to 177,000 to 194,000 years ago, suggesting that members of the Homo sapiens clade left Africa earlier than previously thought. This finding changes our view on modern human dispersal and is consistent with recent genetic studies, which have posited the possibility of an earlier dispersal of Homo sapiens around 220,000 years ago. The Misliya maxilla is associated with full-fledged Levallois technology in the Levant, suggesting that the emergence of this technology is linked to the appearance of Homo sapiens in the region, as has been documented in Africa.</p>
},
	url = {http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6374/456.abstract},
	author = {Hershkovitz, Israel and Weber, Gerhard W. and Quam, Rolf and Duval, Mathieu and Gr{\"u}n, Rainer and Kinsley, Leslie and Ayalon, Avner and Bar-Matthews, Miryam and Valladas, Helene and Mercier, Norbert and Arsuaga, Juan Luis and Martin{\'o}n-Torres, Mar{\'\i}a and Bermudez De Castro, Jose Maria and Fornai, Cinzia and Mart{\'\i}n-Franc{\'e}s, Laura and Sarig, Rachel and May, Hila and Krenn, Viktoria A. and Slon, Viviane and Rodr{\'\i}guez, Laura and Garc{\'\i}a, Rebeca and Lorenzo, Carlos and Carretero, Jose Miguel and Frumkin, Amos and Shahack-Gross, Ruth and Bar-Yosef Mayer, Daniella E. and Cui, Yaming and Wu, Xinzhi and Peled, Natan and Groman-Yaroslavski, Iris and Weissbrod, Lior and Yeshurun, Reuven and Tsatskin, Alexander and Zaidner, Yossi and Weinstein-Evron, Mina}
}
