@article {317788,
	title = {Palaeolithic cave art in Borneo},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018/11/07},
	abstract = {<p>Figurative cave paintings from the Indonesian island of Sulawesi date to at least 35,000 years ago (ka) and hand-stencil art from the same region has a minimum date of 40\&nbsp;ka1. Here we show that similar rock art was created during essentially the same time period on the adjacent island of Borneo. Uranium-series analysis of calcium carbonate deposits that overlie a large reddish-orange figurative painting of an animal at Lubang Jeriji Sal{\'e}h{\textemdash}a limestone cave in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo{\textemdash}yielded a minimum date of 40\&nbsp;ka, which to our knowledge is currently the oldest date for figurative artwork from anywhere in\&nbsp;the world. In addition, two reddish-orange-coloured hand stencils from the same site each yielded a minimum uranium-series date of 37.2\&nbsp;ka, and a third hand stencil of the same hue has a maximum date of 51.8\&nbsp;ka. We also obtained uranium-series determinations for cave\&nbsp;art motifs from Lubang Jeriji Sal{\'e}h and three other East Kalimantan karst caves, which enable us to constrain the chronology of a distinct younger phase of Pleistocene rock art production in this region. Dark-purple hand stencils, some of which are decorated with intricate motifs, date to about 21{\textendash}20\&nbsp;ka and a rare Pleistocene depiction of a human figure{\textemdash}also coloured dark purple{\textemdash}has a minimum date of 13.6\&nbsp;ka. Our findings show that cave painting appeared in eastern Borneo between 52 and 40\&nbsp;ka and that a new style of parietal art arose during the Last Glacial Maximum. It is now evident that a major Palaeolithic cave\&nbsp;art province existed in the eastern extremity of continental Eurasia and in adjacent Wallacea from at least 40\&nbsp;ka until the Last Glacial Maximum, which has implications for understanding how early rock art traditions emerged, developed and spread in Pleistocene Southeast Asia and further afield.</p>
},
	isbn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0679-9},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0679-9},
	author = {Aubert, M. and Setiawan, P. and Oktaviana, A. A. and Brumm, A. and Sulistyarto, P. H. and Saptomo, E. W. and Istiawan, B. and Ma{\textquoteright}rifat, T. A. and Wahyuono, V. N. and Atmoko, F. T. and Zhao, J.-x. and Huntley, J. and Ta{\c c}on, P. S. C. and Howard, D. L. and Brand, H. E. A.}
}
