@article {319258,
	title = {Palaeo-Eskimo genetic ancestry and the peopling of Chukotka and North America},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {570},
	year = {2019},
	month = {2019/06/01},
	pages = {236 - 240},
	abstract = {<p>Much of the American Arctic was first settled 5,000 years ago, by groups of people known as Palaeo-Eskimos. They were subsequently joined and largely displaced around 1,000 years ago by ancestors of the present-day Inuit and Yup{\textquoteright}ik1{\textendash}3. The genetic relationship between Palaeo-Eskimos and Native American, Inuit, Yup{\textquoteright}ik and Aleut populations remains uncertain4{\textendash}6. Here we present genomic data for 48 ancient individuals from Chukotka, East Siberia, the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and the Canadian Arctic. We co-analyse these data with data from present-day Alaskan I{\~n}upiat and West Siberian populations and published genomes. Using methods based on rare-allele and haplotype sharing, as well as established techniques4,7{\textendash}9, we show that Palaeo-Eskimo-related ancestry is ubiquitous among people who speak Na-Dene and Eskimo{\textendash}Aleut languages. We develop a comprehensive model for the Holocene peopling events of Chukotka and North America, and show that Na-Dene-speaking peoples, people of the Aleutian Islands, and Yup{\textquoteright}ik and Inuit across the Arctic region\&nbsp;all share ancestry from a single Palaeo-Eskimo-related Siberian source.</p>
},
	isbn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1251-y},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1251-y},
	author = {Flegontov, Pavel and Alt{\i}n{\i}{\c s}{\i}k, N. Ezgi and Changmai, Piya and Rohland, Nadin and Mallick, Swapan and Adamski, Nicole and Bolnick, Deborah A. and Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen and Candilio, Francesca and Culleton, Brendan J. and Flegontova, Olga and Friesen, T. Max and Jeong, Choongwon and Harper, Thomas K. and Keating, Denise and Kennett, Douglas J. and Kim, Alexander M. and Lamnidis, Thiseas C. and Lawson, Ann Marie and Olalde, I{\~n}igo and Oppenheimer, Jonas and Potter, Ben A. and Raff, Jennifer and Sattler, Robert A. and Skoglund, Pontus and Stewardson, Kristin and Vajda, Edward J. and Vasilyev, Sergey and Veselovskaya, Elizaveta and Hayes, M. Geoffrey and O{\textquoteright}Rourke, Dennis H. and Krause, Johannes and Pinhasi, Ron and Reich, David and Schiffels, Stephan}
}
