@article {327619,
	title = {Archaic humans have contributed to large-scale variation in modern human T~cell receptor genes.},
	journal = {Immunity},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Feb 08},
	abstract = {<p>Human T\&nbsp;cell receptors (TCRs) are critical for mediating immune responses to pathogens and tumors and regulating self-antigen recognition. Yet, variations in the genes encoding TCRs remain insufficiently defined. Detailed analysis of expressed TCR alpha, beta, gamma, and delta genes in 45 donors from four human populations-African, East Asian, South Asian, and European-revealed 175 additional TCR variable and junctional alleles. Most of these contained coding changes and were present at widely differing frequencies in the populations, a finding confirmed using DNA samples from the 1000 Genomes Project. Importantly, we identified three Neanderthal-derived, introgressed TCR regions including a highly divergent TRGV4 variant, which mediated altered butyrophilin-like molecule 3 (BTNL3) ligand reactivity and was frequent in all modern Eurasian population groups. Our results demonstrate remarkable variation in TCR genes in both individuals and populations, providing a strong incentive for including allelic variation in studies of TCR function in human biology.</p>
},
	issn = {1097-4180},
	doi = {10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.026},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1074761323000389?via\%3Dihub},
	author = {Corcoran, Martin and Chernyshev, Mark and Mandolesi, Marco and Narang, Sanjana and Kaduk, Mateusz and Ye, Kewei and Sundling, Christopher and F{\"a}rnert, Anna and Kreslavsky, Taras and Bernhardsson, Carolina and Larena, Maximilian and Jakobsson, Mattias and Karlsson Hedestam, Gunilla B}
}
