@article {327959,
	title = {Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {615},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Mar},
	pages = {117-126},
	abstract = {<p>Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This\&nbsp;ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean\&nbsp;culture, and with\&nbsp;the following Magdalenian culture\&nbsp;that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers,\&nbsp;who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants.</p>
},
	keywords = {Archaeology, Europe, Gene Pool, Genome, Human, Genomics, History, Ancient, Human genetics, Humans, Hunting, Paleontology},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9977688/pdf/41586_2023_Article_5726.pdf},
	author = {Posth, Cosimo and Yu, He and Ghalichi, Ayshin and Rougier, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne and Crevecoeur, Isabelle and Huang, Yilei and Ringbauer, Harald and Rohrlach, Adam B and N{\"a}gele, Kathrin and Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa and Radzeviciute, Rita and Ferraz, Tiago and Stoessel, Alexander and Tukhbatova, Rezeda and Drucker, Doroth{\'e}e G and Lari, Martina and Modi, Alessandra and Vai, Stefania and Saupe, Tina and Scheib, Christiana L and Catalano, Giulio and Pagani, Luca and Talamo, Sahra and Fewlass, Helen and Klaric, Laurent and Morala, Andr{\'e} and Ru{\'e}, Mathieu and Madelaine, St{\'e}phane and Cr{\'e}pin, Laurent and Caverne, Jean-Baptiste and Bocaege, Emmy and Ricci, Stefano and Boschin, Francesco and Bayle, Priscilla and Maureille, Bruno and Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni and Bordes, Jean-Guillaume and Oxilia, Gregorio and Bortolini, Eugenio and Bignon-Lau, Olivier and Debout, Gr{\'e}gory and Orliac, Michel and Zazzo, Antoine and Sparacello, Vitale and Starnini, Elisabetta and Sineo, Luca and van der Plicht, Johannes and Pecqueur, Laure and Merceron, Gildas and Garcia, G{\'e}raldine and Leuvrey, Jean-Michel and Garcia, Coralie Bay and G{\'o}mez-Olivencia, Asier and Po{\l}towicz-Bobak, Marta and Bobak, Dariusz and Le Luyer, Mona and Storm, Paul and Hoffmann, Claudia and Kabaci{\'n}ski, Jacek and Filimonova, Tatiana and Shnaider, Svetlana and Berezina, Natalia and Gonz{\'a}lez-Rabanal, Borja and Gonz{\'a}lez Morales, Manuel R and Mar{\'\i}n-Arroyo, Ana B and L{\'o}pez, Bel{\'e}n and Alonso-Llamazares, Carmen and Ronchitelli, Annamaria and Polet, Caroline and Jadin, Ivan and Cauwe, Nicolas and Soler, Joaquim and Coromina, Neus and Ruf{\'\i}, Isaac and Cottiaux, Richard and Clark, Geoffrey and Straus, Lawrence G and Julien, Marie-Anne and Renhart, Silvia and Talaa, Dorothea and Benazzi, Stefano and Romandini, Matteo and Amkreutz, Luc and Bocherens, Herv{\'e} and Wi{\ss}ing, Christoph and Villotte, S{\'e}bastien and de Pablo, Javier Fern{\'a}ndez-L{\'o}pez and G{\'o}mez-Puche, Magdalena and Esquembre-Bebia, Marco Aurelio and Bodu, Pierre and Smits, Liesbeth and Souffi, B{\'e}n{\'e}dicte and Jankauskas, Rimantas and Kozakaite, Justina and Cupillard, Christophe and Benthien, Hartmut and Wehrberger, Kurt and Schmitz, Ralf W and Feine, Susanne C and Sch{\"u}ler, Tim and Thevenet, Corinne and Grigorescu, Dan and L{\"u}th, Friedrich and Kotula, Andreas and Piezonka, Henny and Schopper, Franz and Svoboda, Ji{\v r}{\'\i} and S{\'a}zelov{\'a}, Sandra and Chizhevsky, Andrey and Khokhlov, Aleksandr and Conard, Nicholas J and Valentin, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique and Harvati, Katerina and Semal, Patrick and Jungklaus, Bettina and Suvorov, Alexander and Schulting, Rick and Moiseyev, Vyacheslav and Mannermaa, Kristiina and Buzhilova, Alexandra and Terberger, Thomas and Caramelli, David and Altena, Eveline and Haak, Wolfgang and Krause, Johannes}
}
