@article {330866,
	title = {Earliest modern human genomes constrain timing of Neanderthal admixture},
	journal = {Nature},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024/12/12},
	abstract = {<p>Modern humans arrived in Europe more than 45,000 years ago, overlapping at least 5,000 years with Neanderthals1\&ndash;4. Limited genomic data from these early modern humans have shown that at least two genetically distinct groups inhabited Europe, represented by Zlat{\'y} k{\r u}{\v n}, Czechia3 and Bacho Kiro, Bulgaria2. Here we deepen our understanding of early modern humans by analyzing one high-coverage genome and five low-coverage genomes from ~45,000 year-old remains from Ilsenh{\"o}hle in Ranis, Germany4, and a further high-coverage genome from Zlat{\'y} k{\r u}{\v n}. We show that distant familial relationships link the Ranis and Zlat{\'y} k{\r u}{\v n} individuals and that they were part of the same small, isolated population that represents the deepest known split from the Out-of-Africa lineage. Ranis genomes harbor Neanderthal segments that originate from a single admixture event shared with all non-Africans that we date to ~45,000-49,000 years ago. This implies that ancestors of all non-Africans sequenced to-date resided in a common population at this time, and further suggests that modern human remains older than 50,000 years from outside Africa represent different non-African populations.</p>
},
	isbn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08420-x},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08420-x},
	author = {S{\"u}mer, Arev P. and Rougier, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne and Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa and Huang, Yilei and Iasi, Leonardo N. M. and Essel, Elena and Mesa, Alba Bossoms and Furtwaengler, Anja and Peyr{\'e}gne, St{\'e}phane and de Filippo, Cesare and Rohrlach, Adam B. and Pierini, Federica and Mafessoni, Fabrizio and Fewlass, Helen and Zavala, Elena I. and Mylopotamitaki, Dorothea and Bianco, Raffaela A. and Schmidt, Anna and Zorn, Julia and Nickel, Birgit and Patova, Anna and Posth, Cosimo and Smith, Geoff M. and Ruebens, Karen and Sinet-Mathiot, Virginie and Stoessel, Alexander and Dietl, Holger and Orschiedt, J{\"o}rg and Kelso, Janet and Zeberg, Hugo and Bos, Kirsten I. and Welker, Frido and Weiss, Marcel and McPherron, Shannon and Sch{\"u}ler, Tim and Hublin, Jean-Jacques and Velem{\'\i}nsk{\'y}, Petr and Br{\r u}{\v z}ek, Jaroslav and Peter, Benjamin M. and Meyer, Matthias and Meller, Harald and Ringbauer, Harald and Hajdinjak, Mateja and Pr{\"u}fer, Kay and Krause, Johannes}
}
