<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grossman, L. I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wildman, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, T. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodman, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accelerated evolution of the electron transport chain in anthropoid primates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trends Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trends in genetics : TIG</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins/*genetics/physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electron Transport Complex III/genetics/physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics/physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haplorhini/*genetics/physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15475118</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004/10/12</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">578-85</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0168-9525 (Print)0168-95</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Mitochondria are both the power plant of the cell and a central integrator of signals that govern the lifespan, replication and death of the cell. Perhaps as a consequence, genes that encode components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) are generally conserved. Therefore, it is surprising that many of these genes in anthropoid primates (New World monkeys, Old World monkeys and apes, including humans) have been major targets of darwinian positive selection. Sequence comparisons have provided evidence that marked increases of non-synonymous substitution rates occurred in anthropoid ETC genes that encode subunits of Complex III and IV, and the electron carrier molecule cytochrome c (CYC). Two important questions are: (i) how has evolution altered ETC function? and; (ii) how might functional changes in the ETC be linked to evolution of an expanded neocortical brain?&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Support, U.S. Gov&#039;t, Non-P.H.S.Research Support, U.S. Gov&#039;t, P.H.S.</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15475118</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;EnglandTrends Genet. 2004 Nov;20(11):578-85.&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 East Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. l.grossman@wayne.edu</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>