<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruner, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preuss, TM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, X</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rilling, JK</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence for expansion of the precuneus in human evolution.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Struct Funct</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan 2</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/26725108</style></url></web-urls></urls><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1863-2653</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The evolution of neurocranial morphology in Homo sapiens is characterized by bulging of the parietal region, a feature unique to our species. In modern humans, expansion of the parietal surface occurs during the first year of life, in a morphogenetic stage which is absent in chimpanzees and Neandertals. A similar variation in brain shape among living adult humans is associated with expansion of the precuneus. Using MRI-derived structural brain templates, we compare medial brain morphology between humans and chimpanzees through shape analysis and geometrical modeling. We find that the main spatial difference is a prominent expansion of the precuneus in our species, providing further evidence of evolutionary changes associated with this area. The precuneus is a major hub of brain organization, a central node of the default-mode network, and plays an essential role in visuospatial integration. Together, the comparative neuroanatomical and paleontological evidence suggest that precuneus expansion is a neurological specialization of H. sapiens that evolved in the last 150,000&amp;nbsp;years that may be associated with recent human cognitive specializations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26725108</style></accession-num></record></records></xml>