<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D&#039;arc, Mirela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayouba, Ahidjo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esteban, Amandine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Learn, Gerald H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boué, Vanina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liegeois, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etienne, Lucie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tagg, Nikki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leendertz, Fabian H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boesch, Christophe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madinda, Nadège F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robbins, Martha M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gray, Maryke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cournil, Amandine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ooms, Marcel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Letko, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simon, Viviana A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharp, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hahn, Beatrice H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delaporte, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mpoudi Ngole, Eitel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peeters, Martine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Origin of the HIV-1 group O epidemic in western lowland gorillas.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals, Wild</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cameroon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytidine Deaminase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epidemics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feces</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorilla gorilla</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV-1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simian Immunodeficiency Virus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Mar 17</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25733890</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E1343-52</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;HIV-1, the cause of AIDS, is composed of four phylogenetic lineages, groups M, N, O, and P, each of which resulted from an independent cross-species transmission event of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) infecting African apes. Although groups M and N have been traced to geographically distinct chimpanzee communities in southern Cameroon, the reservoirs of groups O and P remain unknown. Here, we screened fecal samples from western lowland (n = 2,611), eastern lowland (n = 103), and mountain (n = 218) gorillas for gorilla SIV (SIVgor) antibodies and nucleic acids. Despite testing wild troops throughout southern Cameroon (n = 14), northern Gabon (n = 16), the Democratic Republic of Congo (n = 2), and Uganda (n = 1), SIVgor was identified at only four sites in southern Cameroon, with prevalences ranging from 0.8-22%. Amplification of partial and full-length SIVgor sequences revealed extensive genetic diversity, but all SIVgor strains were derived from a single lineage within the chimpanzee SIV (SIVcpz) radiation. Two fully sequenced gorilla viruses from southwestern Cameroon were very closely related to, and likely represent the source population of, HIV-1 group P. Most of the genome of a third SIVgor strain, from central Cameroon, was very closely related to HIV-1 group O, again pointing to gorillas as the immediate source. Functional analyses identified the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G as a barrier for chimpanzee-to-gorilla, but not gorilla-to-human, virus transmission. These data indicate that HIV-1 group O, which spreads epidemically in west central Africa and is estimated to have infected around 100,000 people, originated by cross-species transmission from western lowland gorillas.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/02/23/1502022112</style></notes><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25733890?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>