<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartmann-Shenkman, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kislev, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galili, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melamed, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weiss, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Invading a new niche: obligatory weeds at Neolithic Atlit-Yam, Israel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation History and Archaeobotany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriculture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obligatory weeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sitophilus granarius</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Submerged settlement</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00334-014-0498-3</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9-18</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#039;Helvetica Neue&#039;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;A characteristic group of obligatory weeds was found in the well of the submerged Pre-Pottery Neolithic C site of Atlit-Yam, Israel. Identifying these finds to species level was crucial for defining them as obligatory weeds. We deal here with the earliest and largest assemblage of obligatory and facultative weeds in the southwest Asian Neolithic. Atlit-Yam may reflect a stage in the establishment of weeds in cultivated fields. Weeds are an important resource for reconstructing the agricultural situation in archaeological sites, as weed-crop interactions reflect an agricultural lifestyle. Some of the weeds of Atlit-Yam grow in fields as well as in Mediterranean herbaceous habitats. This may indicate that the local herbaceous ecosystem was the original habitat of the weeds and the place where the first fields were planted. Presence in a single context of the earliest identified obligatory grain pest beetle (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em class=&quot;EmphasisTypeItalic &quot; style=&quot;outline: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#039;Helvetica Neue&#039;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;Sitophilus granarius&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &#039;Helvetica Neue&#039;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20.8px;&quot;&gt;) along with obligatory weeds reflects a novel change made to the ecosystem by the farmers, in which stored crops were invaded by pests.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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