<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Qiliang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Ya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Shuhua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jiucun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jin, Li</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neanderthal introgression at chromosome 3p21.31 was under positive natural selection in East Asians.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mol Biol Evol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mol. Biol. Evol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alleles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asian Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Far East</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haplotypes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linkage Disequilibrium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neanderthals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pan troglodytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recombination, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selection, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336922</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">683-95</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Studies of the Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes demonstrate archaic hominin introgression in Eurasians. Here, we present evidence of Neanderthal introgression within the chromosome 3p21.31 region, occurring with a high frequency in East Asians (ranging from 49.4% to 66.5%) and at a low frequency in Europeans. We also detected a signal of strong positive selection in this region only in East Asians. Our data indicate that likely candidate targets of selection include rs12488302-T and its associated alleles--among which four are nonsynonymous, including rs35455589-G in HYAL2, a gene related to the cellular response to ultraviolet-B irradiation. Furthermore, suggestive evidence supports latitude-dependent selection, implicating a role of ultraviolet-B. Interestingly, the distribution of rs35455589-G suggests that this allele was lost during the exodus of ancestors of modern Eurasians from Africa and reintroduced to Eurasians from Neanderthals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/12/13/molbev.mst260.abstract?sid=8c9db710-c31b-4bc4-a06e-a41a8d2f0329&lt;/p&gt;
</style></notes><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336922?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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