<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fortna, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MacLaren, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marshall, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hahn, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meltesen, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brenton, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hink, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgers, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernandez-Boussard, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karimpour-Fard, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glueck,.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGavran, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berry, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollack, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikela, J. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lineage-specific gene duplication and loss in human and great ape evolution.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Biol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Biol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cloning, Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cluster Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Complementary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution, Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fibroblast Growth Factor 7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Duplication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hominidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multigene Family</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleic Acid Hybridization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pan troglodytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pongo pygmaeus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species Specificity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2004</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15252450?dopt=Abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E207</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Given that gene duplication is a major driving force of evolutionary change and the key mechanism underlying the emergence of new genes and biological processes, this study sought to use a novel genome-wide approach to identify genes that have undergone lineage-specific duplications or contractions among several hominoid lineages. Interspecies cDNA array-based comparative genomic hybridization was used to individually compare copy number variation for 39,711 cDNAs, representing 29,619 human genes, across five hominoid species, including human. We identified 1,005 genes, either as isolated genes or in clusters positionally biased toward rearrangement-prone genomic regions, that produced relative hybridization signals unique to one or more of the hominoid lineages. Measured as a function of the evolutionary age of each lineage, genes showing copy number expansions were most pronounced in human (134) and include a number of genes thought to be involved in the structure and function of the brain. This work represents, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide gene-based survey of gene duplication across hominoid species. The genes identified here likely represent a significant majority of the major gene copy number changes that have occurred over the past 15 million years of human and great ape evolution and are likely to underlie some of the key phenotypic characteristics that distinguish these species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record></records></xml>