<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calvin, W H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A stone&#039;s throw and its launch window: timing precision and its implications for language and hominid brains.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Theor Biol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Theor. Biol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appetitive Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Clocks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral Cortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Language</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motion Perception</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motor Skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predatory Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal Lobe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Perception</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1983</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1983 Sep 7</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">104</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Did bigger brains for more precise throwing lead to language, much as feathers for insulation may have set the stage for bird flight? Throwing rocks even at stationary prey requires great precision in the timing of rock release from an overarm throw, with the &quot;launch window&quot; narrowing eight-fold when the throwing distance is doubled from a beginner&#039;s throw. Paralleled timing neurons can overcome the usual neural noise limitations via the law of large numbers, suggesting that enhanced throwing skill could have produced a strong selection pressure for any evolutionary trends that provided additional timing neurons. This enhanced timing circuitry may have developed secondary uses for language reception and production.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6632930?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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