<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernot, Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akey, Joshua M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resurrecting surviving Neandertal lineages from modern human genomes.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hybridization, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indians, North American</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neanderthals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Feb 28</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://science.sciencemag.org/content/343/6174/1017.long</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">343</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1017-21</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Anatomically modern humans overlapped and mated with Neandertals such that non-African humans inherit ~1 to 3% of their genomes from Neandertal ancestors. We identified Neandertal lineages that persist in the DNA of modern humans, in whole-genome sequences from 379 European and 286 East Asian individuals, recovering more than 15 gigabases of introgressed sequence that spans ~20% of the Neandertal genome (false discovery rate = 5%). Analyses of surviving archaic lineages suggest that there were fitness costs to hybridization, admixture occurred both before and after divergence of non-African modern humans, and Neandertals were a source of adaptive variation for loci involved in skin phenotypes. Our results provide a new avenue for paleogenomics studies, allowing substantial amounts of population-level DNA sequence information to be obtained from extinct groups, even in the absence of fossilized remains.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6174</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24476670?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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