<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollard, K. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salama, S. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambert, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambot, Marie-Alexandra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coppens, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, J. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katzman, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">King, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Onodera, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siepel, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kern, A. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehay, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igel, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ares, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanderhaeghen, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haussler, D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An RNA gene expressed during cortical development evolved rapidly in humans.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Base Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral Cortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution, Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extracellular Matrix Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Profiling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macaca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neocortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerve Tissue Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleic Acid Conformation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organ Specificity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA Stability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Untranslated</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serine Endopeptidases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">443</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">167-72</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The developmental and evolutionary mechanisms behind the emergence of human-specific brain features remain largely unknown. However, the recent ability to compare our genome to that of our closest relative, the chimpanzee, provides new avenues to link genetic and phenotypic changes in the evolution of the human brain. We devised a ranking of regions in the human genome that show significant evolutionary acceleration. Here we report that the most dramatic of these &#039;human accelerated regions&#039;, HAR1, is part of a novel RNA gene (HAR1F) that is expressed specifically in Cajal-Retzius neurons in the developing human neocortex from 7 to 19 gestational weeks, a crucial period for cortical neuron specification and migration. HAR1F is co-expressed with reelin, a product of Cajal-Retzius neurons that is of fundamental importance in specifying the six-layer structure of the human cortex. HAR1 and the other human accelerated regions provide new candidates in the search for uniquely human biology.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7108</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16915236?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom1></record></records></xml>