<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crow, T J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia as the price that homo sapiens pays for language: a resolution of the central paradox in the origin of the species.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Res Brain Res Rev</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hominidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Language</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2000</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">118-29</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The central paradox of schizophrenia is that the condition, apparently genetic in origin, persists in spite of a substantial fecundity disadvantage. The hypothesis is proposed that the predisposition to schizophrenia is a component of Homo sapiens-specific variation associated with the capacity for language. A genetic change (the &#039;speciation event&#039;, predicted to be related to the Xq21.3 to Yp chromosomal transposition that separates Homo sapiens from the great apes) allowed the hemispheres to develop with a &#039;cerebral torque&#039;, reflected particularly in association cortex, from right frontal to left occipital. Variations in the dimension of lateralization are associated with differences in the rate at which verbal and non-verbal ability develops. The nuclear symptoms of schizophrenia can be understood as a failure to establish dominance for a key component - the phonological sequence - of language in one hemisphere, with consequent disruption of the mechanism of &#039;indexicality&#039; that allows the speaker to distinguish his thoughts from the speech output that he generates and the speech input that he receives and decodes from others.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10719140?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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