<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timmermann, Axel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friedrich, Tobias</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Late Pleistocene climate drivers of early human migration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/09/21</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">advance online publication</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> - </style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1476-4687</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;On the basis of fossil and archaeological data it has been hypothesized that the exodus of &lt;i&gt;Homo sapiens&lt;/i&gt; out of Africa and into Eurasia between ~50–120 thousand years ago occurred in several orbitally paced migration episodes&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html#ref1&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-105&quot; title=&quot;Jennings, R. P. et al. The greening of Arabia: Multiple opportunities for human occupation of the Arabian Peninsula during the Late Pleistocene inferred from an ensemble of climate model simulations. Quat. Int. 382, 181–199 (2015)&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html#ref2&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-106&quot; title=&quot;Parton, A. et al. Orbital-scale climate variability in Arabia as a potential motor for human dispersals. Quat. Int. 382, 82–97 (2015)&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html#ref3&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-107&quot; title=&quot;Larrasoaña, J. C., Roberts, A. P. &amp;amp; Rohling, E. J. Dynamics of green Sahara periods and their role in hominin evolution. PLoS One 8, e76514 (2013)&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html#ref4&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-108&quot; title=&quot;Breeze, P. S. et al. Palaeohydrological corridors for hominin dispersals in the Middle East similar to 250–70,000 years ago. Quat. Sci. Rev. 144, 155–185 (2016)&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;. Crossing vegetated pluvial corridors from northeastern Africa into the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant and expanding further into Eurasia, Australia and the Americas, early &lt;i&gt;H. sapiens&lt;/i&gt; experienced massive time-varying climate and sea level conditions on a variety of timescales. Hitherto it has remained difficult to quantify the effect of glacial- and millennial-scale climate variability on early human dispersal and evolution. Here we present results from a numerical human dispersal model, which is forced by spatiotemporal estimates of climate and sea level changes over the past 125 thousand years. The model simulates the overall dispersal of &lt;i&gt;H. sapiens&lt;/i&gt; in close agreement with archaeological and fossil data and features prominent glacial migration waves across the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant region around 106–94, 89–73, 59–47 and 45–29 thousand years ago. The findings document that orbital-scale global climate swings played a key role in shaping Late Pleistocene global population distributions, whereas millennial-scale abrupt climate changes, associated with Dansgaard–Oeschger events, had a more limited regional effect.&lt;/p&gt;
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