<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deMenocal, Peter B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stringer, Chris</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human migration: Climate and the peopling of the world</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/09/21</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">advance online publication</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> - </style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1476-4687</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;section&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;The human dispersal out of Africa that populated the world was probably paced by climate changes. This is the inference drawn from computer modelling of climate variability during the time of early human migration.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;One of the most puzzling questions about the origins of modern humans has been why the dispersal of &lt;i&gt;Homo sapiens&lt;/i&gt; out of Africa occurred so long after their first known appearance in east Africa approximately 150,000 to 200,000 years ago&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref1&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-8&quot; title=&quot;Groucutt, H. S. et al. Evol. Anthropol. 24, 149-164 (2015).&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;. Fossil, archaeological and genetic evidence indicates that early migrations out of Africa into the Levant (eastern Mediterranean) and the Arabian peninsula occurred around 120,000 to 90,000 years ago&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref1&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-9&quot; title=&quot;Groucutt, H. S. et al. Evol. Anthropol. 24, 149-164 (2015).&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, but the further dispersal of our kind halfway around the world did not begin until about 60,000 years ago&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref1&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-10&quot; title=&quot;Groucutt, H. S. et al. Evol. Anthropol. 24, 149-164 (2015).&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;. This out-of-Africa migration was pulsed, with waves of dispersal eastward to south Asia, Indonesia and Australia by 50,000 years ago, migration westward to Europe by 45,000 years ago&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref1&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-11&quot; title=&quot;Groucutt, H. S. et al. Evol. Anthropol. 24, 149-164 (2015).&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, migration into north Asia by 20,000 years ago and to the Americas by 15,000 years ago&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref2&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-12&quot; title=&quot;Goebel, T., Waters, M. R. &amp;amp; O&#039;Rourke, D. H. Science 319, 1497-1502 (2008)&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html#f1&quot;&gt;Fig. 1&lt;/a&gt;). A paper online in &lt;i&gt;Nature&lt;/i&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19365.html&quot;&gt;Timmermann and Friedrich&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19471.html?WT.mc_id=TWT_newsandviews#ref3&quot; id=&quot;ref-link-13&quot; title=&quot;Timmermann, A. &amp;amp; Friedrich, T. Nature http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19365 (2016).&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; provides modelling insights into the potential role of climate in the human migration out of Africa.&lt;/p&gt;
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