<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daegling, David J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlson, Kristian J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tafforeau, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Ruiter, Darryl J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Lee R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative biomechanics of Australopithecus sediba mandibles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Human Evolution</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Human Evolution</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strength</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/11</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248416301026</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73 - 86</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0047-2484</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Fossils attributed to &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus sediba&lt;/em&gt; are described as having phylogenetic affinities with early &lt;em&gt;Homo&lt;/em&gt; to the exclusion of other South African &lt;em&gt;australopiths&lt;/em&gt;. With respect to functional anatomy of mastication, one implication of this hypothesis is that &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;sediba&lt;/em&gt; mandibles should exhibit absolutely and relatively reduced stiffness and strength in comparison to &lt;em&gt;Australopithecus africanus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Paranthropus robustus&lt;/em&gt; jaws. Examination of cortical bone distribution in the MH 1 and MH 2 mandibles of &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;sediba&lt;/em&gt; (evaluated against samples of &lt;em&gt;Pan&lt;/em&gt;, early and modern &lt;em&gt;Homo&lt;/em&gt; as well as &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;africanus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;robustus&lt;/em&gt;) indicate that the &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;sediba&lt;/em&gt; mandibular corpus was geometrically similar to other South African australopiths. In particular, enhanced torsional rigidity is characteristic of all South African australopiths including &lt;em&gt;A. sediba&lt;/em&gt;. These findings are consistent with a hypothesis that masticatory mechanics may have been similar to other australopiths (and distinct from exemplars of early Homo), and as such suggest that &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;sediba&#039;s&lt;/em&gt; mandibles were functionally suited to consume hard and tough objects. Recent mechanical modeling of the &lt;em&gt;A.&amp;nbsp;sediba&lt;/em&gt; cranium, however, has been interpreted as indicating that this species was relatively poorly adapted to produce large bite forces and likely experienced relatively modest strains in its facial skeleton. This paradox – that the cranium signals a departure from the australopith morphotype whereas the mandibles conform to a hypodigm of australopith grade – can be resolved, in part, if it is acknowledged that mechanical performance variables offer imperfect insight into what constitutes feeding adaptations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record></records></xml>