<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burrel, Sonia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boutolleau,  David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryu, Diane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agut, Henri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merkel, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leendertz, Fabian H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ancient recombination events between human herpes simplex viruses</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Biology and Evolution</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/28/ 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/3078671/Ancient-recombination-events-between-human-herpes?searchresult=1</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(42, 42, 42); font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(239, 242, 247);&quot;&gt;Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are seen as close relatives but also unambiguously considered as evolutionary independent units. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 18 HSV-2 isolates characterized by divergent UL30 gene sequences to further elucidate the evolutionary history of this virus. Surprisingly, genome-wide recombination analyses showed that all HSV-2 genomes sequenced to date contain HSV-1 fragments. Using phylogenomic analyses, we could also show that two main HSV-2 lineages exist. One lineage is mostly restricted to sub-Saharan Africa while the other has reached a global distribution. Interestingly, only the worldwide lineage is characterized by ancient recombination events with HSV-1. Our findings highlight the complexity of HSV-2 evolution, a virus of putative zoonotic origin which later recombined with its human-adapted relative. They also suggest that co-infections with HSV-1 and 2 may have genomic and potentially functional consequences and should therefore be monitored more closely.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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