<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dirks, Paul HGM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberts, Eric M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilbert-Wolf, Hannah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kramers, Jan D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hawks, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dosseto, Anthony</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duval, Mathieu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elliott, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Mary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grün, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hellstrom, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herries, Andy IR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joannes-Boyau, Renaud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhubela, Tebogo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Placzek, Christa J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robbins, Jessie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spandler, Carl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiersma, Jelle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodhead, Jon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Lee R</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, George H</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The age of Homo naledi and associated sediments in the Rising Star Cave, South Africa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eLife</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinaledi Chamber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hominin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homo naledi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paleoanthropology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pleistocene</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017/05/09</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://elife.elifesciences.org/content/6/e24231</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e24231</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2050-084X</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;New ages for flowstone, sediments and fossil bones from the Dinaledi Chamber are presented. We combined optically stimulated luminescence dating of sediments with U-Th and palaeomagnetic analyses of flowstones to establish that all sediments containing Homo naledi fossils can be allocated to a single stratigraphic entity (sub-unit 3b), interpreted to be deposited between 236 ka and 414 ka. This result has been confirmed independently by dating three H. naledi teeth with combined U-series and electron spin resonance (US-ESR) dating. Two dating scenarios for the fossils were tested by varying the assumed levels of 222Rn loss in the encasing sediments: a maximum age scenario provides an average age for the two least altered fossil teeth of 253 +82/–70 ka, whilst a minimum age scenario yields an average age of 200 +70/–61 ka. We consider the maximum age scenario to more closely reflect conditions in the cave, and therefore, the true age of the fossils. By combining the US-ESR maximum age estimate obtained from the teeth, with the U-Th age for the oldest flowstone overlying Homo naledi fossils, we have constrained the depositional age of Homo naledi to a period between 236 ka and 335 ka. These age results demonstrate that a morphologically primitive hominin, Homo naledi, survived into the later parts of the Pleistocene in Africa, and indicate a much younger age for the Homo naledi fossils than have previously been hypothesized based on their morphology.&lt;/p&gt;
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