<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brand, CM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marchant, LF</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boose, KJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">White, FJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rood, TM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meinelt, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laterality of Grooming and Tool Use in a Group of Captive Bonobos (Pan paniscus).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folia Primatol (Basel)</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28803242</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210-222</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0015-5713</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Humans exhibit population level handedness for the right hand; however, the evolution of this behavioral phenotype is poorly understood. Here, we compared the laterality of a simple task (grooming) and a complex task (tool use) to investigate whether increasing task difficulty elicited individual hand preference among a group of captive bonobos (Pan paniscus). Subjects were 17 bonobos housed at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium. Laterality of grooming was recorded using group scans; tool use was recorded using all-occurrence sampling. Grooming was characterized as unimanual or bimanual, and both tasks were scored as right-handed or left-handed. Most individuals did not exhibit significant hand preference for unimanual or bimanual (asymmetrical hand use) grooming, although 1 individual was lateralized for each. For the 8 subjects who engaged in termite fishing enough for statistical testing, 7 individuals exhibited significant laterality and strong individual hand preference. Four subjects preferred their left hand, 3 preferred their right, and 1 had no preference. Grooming, a simple behavior, was not lateralized in this group, yet a more complex behavior revealed a strong individual hand preference, and these results are congruent with other recent findings that demonstrate complex tasks elicit hand preference in bonobos.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28803242</style></accession-num><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>