<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deino, Alan L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behrensmeyer, Anna K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brooks, Alison S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yellen, John E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharp, Warren D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potts, Richard</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronology of the Acheulean to Middle Stone Age transition in eastern Africa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018/03/15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/03/14/science.aao2216.abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The origin of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) denotes the transition from a highly persistent mode of stone toolmaking, the Acheulean, to a period of increasing technological innovation and cultural indicators associated with the evolution of Homo sapiens. Here we use 40Ar/39Ar and U-series dating to calibrate the chronology of Acheulean- and early MSA-rich sedimentary deposits in the Olorgesailie Basin, South Kenya Rift. We establish the age of late Acheulean tool assemblages from 615 to 499 ka, after which a large technological and faunal transition occurred, with definitive MSA lacking Acheulean elements beginning most likely by ~320 ka, but at least by 305 ka. These results establish the currently oldest repository of MSA in eastern Africa.&lt;/p&gt;
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