<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sato, Daiki X.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawata, Masakado</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Positive and balancing selection on SLC18A1 gene associated with psychiatric disorders and human-unique personality traits</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution Letters</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution Letters</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">personality traits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">psychiatric disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VMAT1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018/08/21</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/evl3.81</style></url></web-urls></urls><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2475-0328</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Abstract Maintenance of genetic variants susceptible to psychiatric disorders is one of the intriguing evolutionary enigmas. The present study detects three psychiatric disorder-relevant genes (CLSTN2, FAT1, and SLC18A1) that have been under positive selection during the human evolution. In particular, SLC18A1 (vesicular monoamine transporter 1; VMAT1) gene has a human-unique variant (rs1390938, Thr136Ile), which is associated with bipolar disorders and/or the anxiety-related personality traits. 136Ile shows relatively high (20?61%) frequency in non-African populations, and Tajima&#039;s&amp;nbsp;D reports a significant peak around the Thr136Ile site, suggesting that this polymorphism has been positively maintained by balancing selection in non-African populations. Moreover, Coalescent simulations predict that 136Ile originated around 100,000 years ago, the time being generally associated with the Out-of-Africa migration of modern humans. Our study sheds new light on a gene in monoamine pathway as a strong candidate contributing to human-unique psychological traits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;doi: 10.1002/evl3.81&lt;/p&gt;
</style></notes></record></records></xml>