<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trujillo, Cleber A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice, Edward S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schaefer, Nathan K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chaim, Isaac A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheeler, Emily C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madrigal, Assael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buchanan, Justin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preissl, Sebastian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Allen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Negraes, Priscilla D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Szeto, Ryan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herai, Roberto H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huseynov, Alik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferraz, Mariana S A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borges, Fernando S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kihara, Alexandre H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byrne, Ashley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marin, Maximillian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollmers, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brooks, Angela N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lautz, Jonathan D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semendeferi, Katerina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shapiro, Beth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeo, Gene W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Stephen E P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green, Richard E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muotri, Alysson R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reintroduction of the archaic variant of NOVA1 in cortical organoids alters neurodevelopment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alleles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative Splicing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Substitution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binding Sites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Proliferation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral Cortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CRISPR-Cas Systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haplotypes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hominidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neanderthals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerve Net</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerve Tissue Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA-Binding Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synapses</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021 02 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The evolutionarily conserved splicing regulator neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 () plays a key role in neural development and function. also includes a protein-coding difference between the modern human genome and Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes. To investigate the functional importance of an amino acid change in humans, we reintroduced the archaic allele into human induced pluripotent cells using genome editing and then followed their neural development through cortical organoids. This modification promoted slower development and higher surface complexity in cortical organoids with the archaic version of Moreover, levels of synaptic markers and synaptic protein coassociations correlated with altered electrophysiological properties in organoids expressing the archaic variant. Our results suggest that the human-specific substitution in , which is exclusive to modern humans since divergence from Neanderthals, may have had functional consequences for our species&#039; evolution.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6530</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33574182?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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