<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caglayan, Emre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayhan, Fatma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yuxiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollmer, Rachael M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oh, Emily</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwood, Chet C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preuss, Todd M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yi, Soojin V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konopka, Genevieve</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular features driving cellular complexity of human brain evolution.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Nucleus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datasets as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution, Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genomics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyrus Cinguli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macaca mulatta</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oligodendroglia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pan troglodytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transposases</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">620</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145-153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Human-specific genomic changes contribute to the unique functionalities of the human brain. The cellular heterogeneity of the human brain and the complex regulation of gene expression highlight the need to characterize human-specific molecular features at cellular resolution. Here we analysed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing datasets for human, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque brain tissue from posterior cingulate cortex. We show a human-specific increase of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and a decrease of mature oligodendrocytes across cortical tissues. Human-specific regulatory changes were accelerated in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and we highlight key biological pathways that may be associated with the proportional changes. We also identify human-specific regulatory changes in neuronal subtypes, which reveal human-specific upregulation of FOXP2 in only two of the neuronal subtypes. We additionally identify hundreds of new human accelerated genomic regions associated with human-specific chromatin accessibility changes. Our data also reveal that FOS::JUN and FOX motifs are enriched in the human-specifically accessible chromatin regions of excitatory neuronal subtypes. Together, our results reveal several new mechanisms underlying the evolutionary innovation of human brain at cell-type resolution.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7972</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37468639?dopt=Abstract&lt;/p&gt;
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