<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Yufeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yi, Chuanyou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Su, Yue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yin, Zi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Shuxian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jin, Li</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stoneking, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Ke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, He</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fan, Shaohua</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An ancient regulatory variant of ACSF3 influences the coevolution of increased human height and basal metabolic rate via metabolic homeostasis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Genomics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.cell.com/cell-genomics/fulltext/S2666-979X(25)00111-9</style></url></web-urls></urls><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2666-979X</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Anatomically modern humans (AMHs) exhibit a significant increase in basal metabolic rate (BMR) and height compared to non-human apes. This study investigates the genetic basis underlying these traits. Our analyses reveal a strong genetic correlation between height and BMR. A regulatory mutation, rs34590044-A, was found to be associated with the increased height and BMR in AMHs. rs34590044-A upregulates the expression of ACSF3 by increasing its enhancer activity, leading to increased body length and BMR in mice fed&amp;nbsp;essential amino acids which are characteristic of meat-based diets. In the British population, rs34590044-A has been under positive selection over the past 20,000 years, with a particularly strong signal in the last 5,000 years, as also evidenced by ancient DNA analysis. These results suggest that the emergence of rs34590044-A may have facilitated the adaptation to a meat-enriched diet in AMHs, with increased height and BMR as consequences of this dietary shift.Anatomically modern humans (AMHs) exhibit a significant increase in basal metabolic rate (BMR) and height compared to non-human apes. This study investigates the genetic basis underlying these traits. Our analyses reveal a strong genetic correlation between height and BMR. A regulatory mutation, rs34590044-A, was found to be associated with the increased height and BMR in AMHs. rs34590044-A upregulates the expression of ACSF3 by increasing its enhancer activity, leading to increased body length and BMR in mice fed&amp;nbsp;essential amino acids which are characteristic of meat-based diets. In the British population, rs34590044-A has been under positive selection over the past 20,000 years, with a particularly strong signal in the last 5,000 years, as also evidenced by ancient DNA analysis. These results suggest that the emergence of rs34590044-A may have facilitated the adaptation to a meat-enriched diet in AMHs, with increased height and BMR as consequences of this dietary shift.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;doi: 10.1016/j.xgen.2025.100855&lt;/p&gt;
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