<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soh, Pamela X. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gong, Tingting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Jue</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simayi, Zolani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petersen, Desiree C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holland, Errol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chan, Eva K. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theron, Kathrine E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haacke, Wilfrid H. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Förtsch, Hagen E. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bornman, M. S. Riana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomas, David M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mphahlele, Jeffrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayes, Vanessa M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A catalogue of early diverged contemporary human genome variation reveals distinct Khoe-San populations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature Communications</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026/02/10</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-69269-4</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2041-1723</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;section aria-labelledby=&quot;Abs1&quot; data-title=&quot;Abstract&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
	&lt;p&gt;Creating a catalogue of early diverged genome variation is critical to determine the true extent of human diversity and associated medical impact. Generating deep whole genome data for 150 Khoe-San (12 groups, 1 unclassified), and 40 regionally comparative Southern Africans (3 groups), we identify ~30 million small-to-large variants - over 1.3 million unknown single nucleotide variants. Representing shared traditionally forager lifestyles and click-speaking languages, we identify San and Damara as separate phylogenetic lineages, contributing two admixture waves to Nama. While San represented modern humans&amp;rsquo; deep divergence (~115 thousand years ago), Damara divergence is recent, with both showing high effective population sizes between 45&amp;ndash;150 thousand years ago. Developing an assembly-based test we report 1,376 genes under positive selection (&lt;i&gt;dN&lt;/i&gt;/&lt;i&gt;dS&lt;/i&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;19.46) of which 479 are significantly associated with forager peoples and, therefore, maintained ancestral alleles that differ from derived genetic variation observed in non-African biomedical resources.&lt;/p&gt;
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