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CHRM3 (Cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 3)

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True   Likely   Speculative
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Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Likely Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Genetics
MOCA Topic Authors: 
Majesta O'Bleness
James Sikela

Cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 3 (CHRM3) is a G protein coupled receptor that is involved in the control of smooth muscle contraction. In humans, a L1HS transposon insertion has created a novel transcript that is the only CHRM3 transcript to be expressed in placenta. The significance of this new transcript is as of yet is unknown.

Genetics Topic Attributes

Gene symbols follow the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee standard.

Gene Symbol:
CHRM3 (CHRM3: cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 3)
Type of Human-Specific Changes:
Alternate Splicing
Expression Pattern Change
Related MOCA Topics
Related Topics:
TitleCertainty
Novel Long Interspersed Elements (LINEs) and Subfamily ExpansionsTrue
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Definite Appearance: 
6000 Thousand Years
References: 

Kim DS and Hahn Y. (2011) Identification of human-specific transcript variants induced by DNA insertions in the human genome. Bioinformatics 27(1):14-21.PMID: 21037245

 

Huh JW, Kim YH, Lee SR, Kim H, Kim DS, Kim HS, Kang HS, Chang KT. (2009) Gain of new exons and promoters by lineage-specific transposable elements-integration and conservation event on CHRM3 gene. Mol Cells 28(2):111-7. PMID: 19669628

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