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FCGR1A (Fc fragment of IgG, high affinity Ia, receptor (CD64))

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Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Likely Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Genetics
MOCA Topic Authors: 
Majesta O'Bleness
James Sikela

The Fc fragment of IgG, high affinity la, receptor (FCGR1A) is a leukocyte IgG receptor that is expressed on most myeloid cells. FCGR1A binds IgG with high affinity to help mediate the immune response, although its exact role in immune response cell signaling is not clear. There are 3-4 more copies of FCGR1A in humans than in any other primate, although the significance of this higher copy number is not understood.

Genetics Topic Attributes

Gene symbols follow the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee standard.

Gene Symbol:
FCGR1A (FCGR1A: Fc fragment of IgG, high affinity Ia, receptor (CD64))
Type of Human-Specific Changes:
Copy Number Changes
Related MOCA Topics
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Probable Appearance: 
2000 Thousand Years
Definite Appearance: 
6000 Thousand Years
References: 

van der Poel CE, Spaapen RM, van de Winkel JG, Leusen JH. Functional characteristics of the high affinity IgG receptor, FcγRI. J Immunol. 2011 Mar 1; 186(5):2699-704. PMID: 21325219

 

Sudmant PH, Kitzman JO, Antonacci F, Alkan C, Malig M, Tsalenko A, Sampas N, Bruhn L, Shendure J; 1000 Genomes Project, Eichler EE. Diversity of human copy number variation and multicopy genes. Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):641-6. PMID:21030649

 

Armengol G, Knuutila S, Lozano JJ, Madrigal I, Caballín MR. (2010) Identification of human specific gene duplications relative to other primates by array CGH and quantitative PCR. Genomics 95(4):203-9. PMID:20153417

 

Fortna A, Kim Y, MacLaren E, Marshall K, Hahn G, Meltesen L, Brenton M, Hink R, Burgers S, Hernandez-Boussard T, Karimpour-Fard A, Glueck D, McGavran L, Berry R, Pollack J, Sikela JM. (2004) Lineage-specific gene duplication and loss in human and great ape evolution. PLoS Biol 2(7):E207. PMID: 15252450
 

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