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PTPN20A (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 20A)

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What is MOCA?
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Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Likely Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Genetics
MOCA Topic Authors: 
Majesta O'Bleness
James Sikela

Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 20A (PTPN20A) is a widely expressed phosphatase that is localized at sites of actin polymerization, although its role is as of yet unknown. PTPN20A has 1-2 more copies in the human genome than in any other primate. The role of these extra copies is unknown.

Genetics Topic Attributes

Gene symbols follow the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee standard.

Gene Symbol:
PTPN20A (PTPN20A: protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 20A)
Type of Human-Specific Changes:
Copy Number Changes
Related MOCA Topics
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Probable Appearance: 
2000 Thousand Years
Definite Appearance: 
6000 Thousand Years
References: 

Sudmant PH, Kitzman JO, Antonacci F, Alkan C, Malig M, Tsalenko A, Sampas N, Bruhn L, Shendure J; 1000 Genomes Project, Eichler EE. Diversity of human copy number variation and multicopy genes. Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):641-6. PMID:21030649

 

Fodero-Tavoletti MT, Hardy MP, Cornell B, Katsis F, Sadek CM, Mitchell CA, Kemp BE, Tiganis T. Protein tyrosine phosphatase hPTPN20a is targeted to sites of actin polymerization. Biochem J. 2005 Jul 15;389(Pt 2):343-54. PMID: 15790311

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