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SRGAP2 (SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 2)

Certainty Style Key
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What is MOCA?
MOCA FAQ...
Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Likely Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Genetics
MOCA Topic Authors: 
Majesta O'Bleness
James Sikela

SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 2 (SRGAP2) directly regulates membrane deformation for proper neuronal migration and axon-dendrite morphogenesis. Humans have 2-3 more copies of SRGAP2 than any other primate. The significance of these copies could be increased neuronal branching.

Genetics Topic Attributes

Gene symbols follow the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee standard.

Gene Symbol:
SRGAP2 (SRGAP2: SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 2)
Type of Human-Specific Changes:
Copy Number Changes
Related MOCA Topics
Related Topics:
TitleCertainty
Brain SizeSpeculative
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Probable Appearance: 
2000 Thousand Years
Definite Appearance: 
6000 Thousand Years
References: 

Sudmant PH, Kitzman JO, Antonacci F, Alkan C, Malig M, Tsalenko A, Sampas N, Bruhn L, Shendure J; 1000 Genomes Project, Eichler EE. Diversity of human copy number variation and multicopy genes. Science. 2010 Oct 29;330(6004):641-6. PMID:21030649

 

Guerrier S, Coutinho-Budd J, Sassa T, Gresset A, Jordan NV, Chen K, Jin WL, Frost A, Polleux F. The F-BAR domain of srGAP2 induces membrane protrusions required for neuronal migration and morphogenesis. Cell. 2009 Sep 4;138(5):990-1004. PMID: 19737524 

 

Fortna A, Kim Y, MacLaren E, Marshall K, Hahn G, Meltesen L, Brenton M, Hink R, Burgers S, Hernandez-Boussard T, Karimpour-Fard A, Glueck D, McGavran L, Berry R, Pollack J, Sikela JM. (2004) Lineage-specific gene duplication and loss in human and great ape evolution. PLoS Biol 2(7):E207. PMID: 15252450

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