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TDH (L-threonin dehydrogenase)

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Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Absolute Difference
MOCA Domain: 
Genetics
MOCA Topic Authors: 
Majesta O'Bleness
James Sikela

L-Threonine Dehydrogenase (TDH) is a human lineage specific expressed pseudogene. In organisms where TDH is functional, it catalyzes the first two steps in one of two L-threonine degredation pathways by conversion of L-threonine to glycine. In humans, 3 mutations in the gene lead to a truncated non-functional protein and as such humans degrade L-threonine via the alternative pathway.

Genetics Topic Attributes

Gene symbols follow the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee standard.

Gene Symbol:
TDH (TDH: L-threonine dehydrogenase)
Type of Human-Specific Changes:
Pseudogenization
Related MOCA Topics
Timing

Timing of Appearance of the Difference in the Hominin Lineage.

For this entry assume that

  • the common ancestor of humans and old world monkeys was 25000 thousand (25 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 6000 thousand (6 million) years ago
  • the emergence of the genus Homo was 2000 thousand (2 million) years ago
  • the common ancestor of modern humans was 100 thousand years ago

 

Definite Appearance: 
6000 Thousand Years
References: 

Kim HL, Igawa T, Kawashima A, Satta Y, Takahata N. (2010) Divergence, demography and gene loss along the human lineage. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 365(1552):2451-7.PMID: 20643734

 

Edgar AJ. The human L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase gene is an expressed pseudogene. BMC Genet, 2002 Oct 2. PMID 12361482.

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