Definition:
A biological process in which a methyl group (CH3) is added to a molecule, typically to DNA, proteins, or other cellular structures. In the context of DNA, DNA methylation refers to the addition of a methyl group to the DNA molecule, usually at cytosine bases in a CpG dinucleotide. This modification can regulate gene expression by turning genes on or off without changing the underlying DNA sequence, and it plays a key role in processes like development, aging, and disease. Methylation patterns can be inherited or influenced by environmental factors and lifestyle.
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