Brain organoids and insights on human evolution [version 1; peer review: 4 approved].
Human brain organoids, generated from pluripotent stem cells, have emerged as a promising technique for modeling early stages of human neurodevelopment in controlled laboratory conditions. Although the applications for disease modeling in a dish have become routine, the use of these brain organoids as evolutionary tools is only now getting momentum. Here, we will review the current state of the art on the use of brain organoids from different species and the molecular and cellular insights generated from these studies. Besides, we will discuss how this model might be beneficial for human health and the limitations and future perspectives of this technology.
Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. UCSD Stem Cell Programme, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), La Jolla, CA, USA. Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
