Numeracy

Numeracy is a unique feature of human cognition. We can find the rudimental form of numeracy in the other animals. There have been various studies on numerical competence in nonhuman animals such as chimpanzees, monkeys, rats, birds, etc. Numeracy is a set of knowledge on the number system. The number system is divided into four different scales: nominal, order, interval, and ratio scales. It is sometimes divided into two aspects: cardinal number (1, 2, 3,...) and ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd....). Along with the scales and aspects, we can review the existing evidence of numeracy in nonhuman animals.