Publication Type: Journal Article
Authors: Green, Richard E; Krause, Johannes; Briggs, Adrian W; Maricic, Tomislav; Stenzel, Udo; Kircher, Martin; Patterson, Nick; Li, Heng; Zhai, Weiwei; Fritz, Markus Hsi-Yang; Hansen, Nancy F; Durand, Eric Y; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Jensen, Jeffrey D; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Alkan, Can; Prüfer, Kay; Meyer, Matthias; Burbano, Hernán A; Good, Jeffrey M; Schultz, Rigo; Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer; Butthof, Anne; Höber, Barbara; Höffner, Barbara; Siegemund, Madlen; Weihmann, Antje; Nusbaum, Chad; Lander, Eric S; Russ, Carsten; Novod, Nathaniel; Affourtit, Jason; Egholm, Michael; Verna, Christine; Rudan, Pavao; Brajkovic, Dejana; Kucan, Zeljko; Gusic, Ivan; Doronichev, Vladimir B; Golovanova, Liubov V; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; de la Rasilla, Marco; Fortea, Javier; Rosas, Antonio; Schmitz, Ralf W; Johnson, Philip L F; Eichler, Evan E; Falush, Daniel; Birney, Ewan; Mullikin, James C; Slatkin, Montgomery; Nielsen, Rasmus; Kelso, Janet; Lachmann, Michael; Reich, David; Pääbo, Svante
Year of Publication: 2010
Journal: Science
Volume: 328
Issue: 5979
Pagination: 710-22
Date Published: 2010 May 7
Publication Language: eng
ISSN: 1095-9203
Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group, Animals, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Base Sequence, Bone and Bones, DNA, Mitochondrial, European Continental Ancestry Group, Evolution, Molecular, Extinction, Biological, Female, Fossils, Gene Dosage, Gene Flow, Genetic Variation, Genome, Genome, Human, Haplotypes, Hominidae, Humans, Pan troglodytes, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Selection, Genetic, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Time
Abstract: Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.
DOI: 10.1126/science.1188021
Alternate Journal: Science
